Safer Steps for Busy Transport Hubs: Specifying Heavy-Duty Stair Nosings for Railway Stations and Public Infrastructure

How high-performance stair nosings can improve slip resistance, step visibility, durability and accessibility in demanding transport environments

By Quantum Flooring Accessories

Technical guidance for architects, specifiers, rail infrastructure teams, facilities managers and refurbishment contractors.

Introduction: Why stair-nosing specification matters

Railway stations, transport interchanges, airports and other public transport facilities place exceptional demands on staircases. Thousands of passengers may use the same stairs every day, often while carrying luggage, moving quickly between connections or navigating unfamiliar surroundings.

External stairs face additional challenges. Rainwater, dirt, changing temperatures and contaminated footwear can increase the risk of slipping, while prolonged exposure to weather and heavy pedestrian traffic can accelerate wear to stair edges.

A correctly specified stair nosing is therefore more than a finishing detail. It forms an important part of a staircase’s slip-resistance, visibility, accessibility and durability strategy.

For projects involving existing stairs, the challenge is to achieve these benefits without necessarily undertaking a complete staircase replacement. A robust, surface-mounted stair-nosing system can offer a practical approach, provided that the existing structure, dimensions, fixing arrangements and project-specific requirements are suitable.

Quantum Flooring Accessories’ EPNR External Performance Ramped Stair Nosing has been developed for demanding applications including rail infrastructure, airports, stations, stadiums, commercial premises and public buildings. Its combination of a heavy-duty aluminium carrier, silicon-carbide anti-slip tread and optional photoluminescent finish makes it a product worth considering for transport environments.

The key is to specify the product against the actual requirements of the installation, rather than relying on a general claim of compliance.

1. What should a transport stair-nosing specification achieve?

A well-prepared specification should address five principal considerations.

1.1 Slip resistance in wet and dry conditions

Slip resistance is particularly important on external stairs and at station entrances where water and debris can be transferred onto walking surfaces.

The specification should consider the conditions that passengers will encounter in service, including rain, cleaning residues, contamination, expected footfall and the maintenance regime.

Pendulum Test Values (PTVs) are commonly used in the UK to assess pedestrian slip resistance. The appropriate performance target should be established through a project-specific risk assessment and the relevant guidance.

1.2 Visual contrast and step definition

Passengers need to distinguish the leading edge of each step clearly. This is particularly important for people with impaired vision, older passengers and anyone unfamiliar with the staircase.

A contrasting band should be continuous across the stair width and visible against both the tread and the riser. Its effectiveness depends on the light reflectance values (LRVs) of the selected finish and the surrounding surfaces.

A colour that appears contrasting in a product brochure may not provide sufficient contrast against a particular floor or riser. The completed installation must therefore be assessed in its actual context.

1.3 Durability under heavy pedestrian traffic

Station staircases are high-use assets. The specified nosing must withstand repeated footfall, routine cleaning and the physical demands of the environment.

A durable, mechanically secure profile with a hard-wearing tread can help maintain its intended function over time. This is particularly valuable where frequent replacement would disrupt passenger circulation.

1.4 Secure installation and appropriate geometry

The nosing must be firmly attached, flush with the adjoining step surfaces and compatible with the existing staircase.

Its dimensions and profile must also suit the relevant stair geometry. An unsuitable projection, uneven installation or raised edge can introduce a hazard rather than remove one.

2. The principal UK guidance and standards

Stair-nosing specifications should be developed with reference to applicable building regulations, British Standards and the additional requirements imposed by the infrastructure owner or operator.

The following documents are particularly relevant.

Approved Document K: Protection from falling, collision and impact

Approved Document K provides statutory guidance for meeting relevant Building Regulations requirements in England. Its stair guidance addresses step geometry and the visibility of stair nosings.

For buildings other than dwellings, the guidance states that step nosings should be made visually apparent using a contrasting material at least 55 mm wide on both the tread and the riser. It also advises avoiding projecting nosings where possible and limiting any projection over the tread below to 25 mm. [1]

For transport projects, the key lesson is that a specification should address both the physical profile of the stair and the visual definition of its leading edge.

Approved Document K is not, by itself, a complete specification for every railway station. The design team should identify the additional accessibility and rail-infrastructure requirements applicable to the project.

BS 8300: Accessible and inclusive design

BS 8300 provides guidance on designing an accessible and inclusive built environment. Its recommendations are important when selecting stair finishes and detailing the contrast between step edges and adjoining surfaces.

The aim is to help people with visual impairments identify individual steps and judge the extent of the staircase.

For the EPNR product, this means selecting a tread colour that achieves the necessary contrast against the actual tread and riser finishes. The LRV values should be assessed as part of the overall design, rather than assuming that one colour will be appropriate for every installation.

The project team should confirm the applicable edition of BS 8300 and the relevant provisions for the particular building and staircase.

Department for Transport: Design Standards for Accessible Railway Stations

The Department for Transport’s Design Standards for Accessible Railway Stations: A Code of Practice, Version 4, provides guidance for train operators and organisations carrying out rail infrastructure improvements. It applies in England, Scotland and Wales and should be read alongside the relevant railway interoperability legislation and Persons with Reduced Mobility National Technical Specification Notice (PRM NTSN). [2]

This guidance is particularly relevant when specifying stair nosings for passenger stations because it places accessibility within the wider context of station design.

A stair nosing must be considered as part of the complete passenger environment, including lighting, circulation, visual contrast, tactile information and the needs of people with reduced mobility or impaired vision.

Network Rail Vertical Circulation Design Manual — NR/GN/CIV/200/05

For projects involving Network Rail infrastructure, the Vertical Circulation Design Manual, NR/GN/CIV/200/05, is an especially important reference. The published September 2022 edition includes specific guidance on stair profiles and step nosings. [3]

The manual states that:

• All steps should have continuous, visually contrasting bands across the full stair width, on both the tread and the riser.
• These bands should be 55 mm on both the tread and the riser to meet Approved Document Part M guidance.
• Continuous, preformed stair nosings and treads are recommended because they can reduce premature wear and avoid a junction between separate materials.
• Applied nosings should be securely fixed and flush with the remainder of the step.
• The wet slip-resistance value should exceed 36.
• Carborundum, another name commonly used for silicon carbide, is identified as a desirable additive for prolonging nosing durability.

The manual also expresses a preference for cast-aluminium step and nosing profiles extending to the full depth of the stair going, as referenced in its discussion of TUM4000. [3]

These details are important when evaluating any proposed surface-mounted nosing for a Network Rail project.

A critical specification point: the EPNR catalogue describes its visible tread and riser dimensions as 50 mm. This is not automatically equivalent to the 55 mm bands described in the Network Rail manual. The precise drawing, product configuration and interpretation of the requirement must be checked with the manufacturer and the project’s design authority before the product is specified as compliant.

A product may have strong slip-resistance performance and still require further assessment against the dimensional requirements of a particular rail project.

Network Rail Materials and Components Design Manual — NR/GN/CIV/200/01

Network Rail’s Materials and Components Design Manual, September 2024, addresses floor finishes, inclusivity, LRV contrast and the need for materials to undergo appropriate testing and certification for their intended applications. It also refers designers to the Department for Transport’s accessible-stations guidance and Network Rail’s tactile wayfinding guidance. [4]

This reinforces the need to assess the proposed stair-nosing system in context, including its visual contrast, compatibility with the surrounding materials and suitability for the intended environment.

3. Understanding slip-resistance performance

One of the most significant features of the EPNR product is its documented slip-resistance performance.

According to the supplied technical catalogue, the Ecoglo silicon-carbide tread achieves the following Pendulum Test Values:

Test condition	Published EPNR catalogue value
Dry	PTV ≥70
Wet	PTV ≥66
HSE guideline reference	PTV >36

The catalogue states that the tread was independently tested using the pendulum test under BS 7976-2, with a Slider 96, and refers to UK Slip Resistance Group, HSE and CIRIA guidance.

These figures are particularly relevant when considering an exposed staircase where wet weather is a routine operating condition.

The published wet value of 66 is substantially above the PTV threshold of 36 cited in the catalogue. This provides a strong technical basis for considering the product in a wet-weather risk-reduction strategy.

However, slip resistance is not a guarantee against falls. Actual risk depends on factors such as contamination, footwear, tread condition, cleaning practices and the complete staircase design. The test conditions and results should be verified against the manufacturer’s supporting test documentation when preparing a formal specification.

For transport infrastructure, the ability to demonstrate performance using documented test results is more useful than relying on an unqualified description such as “anti-slip”.

4. Why the EPNR construction suits demanding environments

The EPNR product combines several characteristics relevant to public transport applications.

Heavy-duty aluminium carrier

The catalogue identifies the carrier as extruded aluminium alloy 6063-T6.

An aluminium carrier provides a rigid structural profile while offering a relatively lightweight alternative to a more extensive staircase reconstruction. The product is designed to be installed over an existing stair edge, subject to the condition and suitability of the substrate.

The carrier’s dimensions and installation detail must be checked against the existing stair profile. For Network Rail projects, its surface-mounted construction should also be assessed against any requirement or preference for full-depth cast-aluminium stair profiles.

Silicon-carbide tread

The tread uses silicon carbide within an epoxy-based composition.

Silicon carbide is a hard, abrasive material that is well suited to providing a textured walking surface. The manufacturer’s published wet and dry PTV results support consideration of this tread for high-footfall environments.

The catalogue also identifies resistance to UV exposure and chemical attack as benefits of the Ecoglo tread material.

These properties are relevant to exposed stairs and areas subject to routine cleaning. The expected service conditions and cleaning products should nevertheless be checked against the manufacturer’s maintenance instructions.

Surface-mounted refurbishment

The EPNR is designed to be fitted over existing staircases rather than requiring the entire staircase to be replaced.

This offers a potential advantage for refurbishment projects involving concrete, timber, resin, checkerplate and stone-clad steel stair constructions, all identified in the product catalogue as compatible applications.

A surface-mounted solution can be particularly attractive where the underlying staircase remains structurally sound but the step edges require improved slip resistance, visual definition or protection.

The suitability of this approach depends on the existing step dimensions, substrate condition, drainage, fixing requirements and available clearance. Damaged or uneven steps must be repaired before installation.

Resistance to demanding public use

The manufacturer describes the EPNR as a heavy-duty product developed for high levels of use and harsh environments, including rail and motorway infrastructure, airports, stations, stadiums and arenas.

The product is therefore specifically positioned for environments in which durability and slip resistance are important specification considerations.

For procurement teams, the practical advantage is a product designed for the demands of public circulation rather than a light-duty decorative stair trim.

5. Improving step visibility with contrasting and photoluminescent treads

Slip resistance addresses only one part of stair safety. Passengers must also be able to recognise the location of each step.

The EPNR catalogue provides three Ecoglo tread options, with the following published Light Reflectance Values:

Tread finish	Published LRV
Black	5
Yellow	49
Photoluminescent	69

These values provide a starting point for selecting a contrasting finish.

For example, a black tread may provide strong contrast against a light-coloured stone or concrete surface, while a yellow tread may be appropriate where it achieves the required contrast against the actual stair finishes.

The selected colour must be assessed against both the tread and the riser. A difference in colour alone is not sufficient evidence of compliance: the relevant LRV difference and the applicable project requirements must be satisfied.

The catalogue also offers an Ecoglo photoluminescent option. This material absorbs light from natural or artificial sources and emits light after the ambient illumination falls.

The manufacturer presents this as a way of improving step-edge visibility in reduced-light conditions, with published charging and visibility results dependent on the illuminance and exposure time.

This may be useful in selected transport environments, including external stairs and areas where lighting conditions vary. However, photoluminescence should be treated as a supplementary visibility feature, not as a replacement for required emergency lighting or a project-specific emergency-lighting assessment.

6. A practical specification checklist for transport projects

Before approving a stair-nosing product for a railway station or transport hub, the project team should confirm the following.

Slip resistance

• Obtain the manufacturer’s supporting pendulum test report.
• Confirm that the test method, slider and reported values are appropriate to the project.
• Check performance requirements for the anticipated wet and dry conditions.
• Establish an inspection and cleaning regime that preserves performance.

Visual contrast and accessibility

• Confirm the required tread and riser band dimensions.
• Check LRV contrast against both adjoining surfaces.
• Review the finish under the expected lighting conditions.
• Provide any required tactile warning surfaces and associated accessibility provisions.

Profile and installation

• Verify the actual product dimensions against the stair drawings.
• Check projection, edge geometry and compatibility with the existing stair.
• Confirm that the finished nosing can be securely fixed and installed flush.
• Inspect the substrate and repair defects before installation.
• Agree the fixing and adhesive arrangements with the manufacturer and project team.

Rail-specific approval

• Identify the infrastructure owner and applicable technical standards.
• Review the current Network Rail standards and project-specific requirements where applicable.
• Check whether a surface-mounted aluminium profile is acceptable for the intended installation.
• Obtain the necessary technical review, approvals or concessions before installation.
• Confirm the evidence required for product acceptance and handover.

Maintenance and whole-life performance

• Establish the cleaning method and inspection frequency.
• Check the condition of the tread, fixings and surrounding step edges.
• Specify replacement criteria for worn or damaged components.
• Consider access arrangements and disruption during future maintenance.

This checklist helps ensure that product selection is based on the full operational requirement rather than on a single headline performance figure.

7. Installation and maintenance considerations

The supplied EPNR catalogue describes a straightforward installation process, provided that the existing staircase is suitable.

The profile is supplied with factory-fitted tread and pre-drilled fixing holes, with cut-to-size sections available for the required staircase arrangement.

The manufacturer’s stated installation sequence is to:

1. Check the supplied nosing against the site measurements and prepare a sound, clean substrate.
2. Repair cracked or worn step surfaces before fitting.
3. Mark and drill the fixing holes using suitable masonry fixings, with stainless-steel screws recommended in the catalogue.
4. Apply the recommended adhesive to the underside of the profile in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
5. Position the nosing and secure it with the specified mechanical fixings.
6. Allow approximately 24 hours for the adhesive to cure before reopening the stairs to access.

The exact fixing specification should be confirmed for the substrate and project conditions. The manufacturer’s instructions should take precedence over any generic installation assumptions.

For maintenance, the catalogue recommends cleaning the aluminium carrier and tread with a mild detergent solution, using a scouring pad to remove heavy soiling from the tread, and rinsing with clean water.

It also explicitly warns against reopening the staircase to traffic while the surface is wet.

In a station environment, maintenance planning should be coordinated with the operator so that cleaning, curing and inspection can be completed without exposing passengers to avoidable risks.

8. Durability, sustainability and whole-life value

The manufacturer’s literature identifies several features relevant to long-term asset management.

The EPNR is manufactured in the UK, with the catalogue stating that Quantum Flooring Solutions operates under ISO 9001-certified quality management and ISO 14001-certified environmental management systems. It also identifies aluminium and PVC as recyclable through licensed UK trade recyclers.

The product warranty declaration states that the company’s stair-nosing products are warranted to perform in a commercial environment over a 10-year period, subject to correct specification, installation and maintenance. The warranty is conditional and does not cover general wear and tear or all associated replacement costs.

For transport infrastructure, these details can support a whole-life-cost assessment. The initial purchase price should be considered alongside installation, maintenance, replacement, access restrictions and the operational impact of stair closures.

The catalogue does not provide comparative lifecycle-cost data against competing products, so a quantified cost saving should not be assumed. Nevertheless, a durable, maintainable retrofit solution may offer practical advantages where the existing staircase can be retained.

9. Why the EPNR is a strong candidate for transport hubs

The case for considering the EPNR rests on a combination of product characteristics rather than a single feature.

First, documented slip resistance. The published PTV values of at least 70 dry and 66 wet provide a clear performance basis for assessing the product against the needs of wet-weather and high-footfall staircases.

Second, construction suited to refurbishment. Its surface-mounted aluminium carrier is designed for use on a range of existing stair constructions, potentially allowing the staircase to be upgraded without wholesale replacement.

Third, durable tread material. The silicon-carbide epoxy tread is intended for demanding use and is supported by the manufacturer’s stated slip-resistance test results.

Fourth, visibility options. The black, yellow and photoluminescent finishes allow designers to consider different contrast requirements and lighting conditions, subject to project-specific verification.

Fifth, installation and maintenance information. Factory-prepared profiles, documented fixing guidance and stated maintenance procedures give contractors a defined starting point for planning installation and ongoing care.

Finally, UK manufacture and a stated commercial warranty. These provide useful procurement information, although project teams should review the full warranty terms and confirm the evidence required for acceptance.

Taken together, these features make the EPNR a credible product to evaluate for external stairs, station access routes, transport interchanges, airports, stadiums and other public infrastructure.

For Network Rail applications, however, the decisive question is whether the precise product configuration meets the project’s dimensional, material, accessibility, installation and approval requirements. The published performance figures alone cannot establish that conclusion.

Conclusion: Specifying stair nosings for safer passenger movement

Stair-nosing selection is an important part of designing and maintaining safe, inclusive transport environments.

The most effective specifications combine appropriate slip resistance, clear visual contrast, suitable step geometry, secure installation and a maintenance regime capable of preserving performance throughout the product’s service life.

The EPNR External Performance Stair Nosing offers a strong set of features for consideration: a heavy-duty aluminium carrier, a silicon-carbide tread with published wet and dry PTV values, a range of contrast finishes and an optional photoluminescent tread for selected low-light applications.

Its retrofit format also makes it relevant to projects seeking to improve existing staircases without automatically undertaking complete reconstruction.

For architects, contractors, facilities managers and infrastructure teams, the next step is to assess the product against the actual project specification, obtain the relevant supporting test reports and drawings, and confirm dimensional compliance and approval requirements before installation.

The result should be a stair-nosing specification that is not simply durable or slip resistant, but demonstrably suitable for the people, conditions and operational demands of the transport environment in which it will be used.

References and further technical reading

1. UK Government, Approved Document K: Protection from falling, collision and impact.
2. Department for Transport, Design Standards for Accessible Railway Stations: A Code of Practice, Version 4.
3. Network Rail, Vertical Circulation Design Manual, NR/GN/CIV/200/05, September 2022.
4. Network Rail, Materials and Components Design Manual, NR/GN/CIV/200/01, September 2024.
5. Network Rail, Tactile Paving and Wayfinding Guidance, NR/GN/CIV/300/06, June 2024.

Product technical reference

Quantum Flooring Accessories, EPNR External Performance Stair Nosings — Anti-Slip & Heavy Duty, technical catalogue, February 2026.

Website: quantumflooring.co.uk

Technical enquiries: +44 (0)161 627 4222

Email: [email protected]

Technical note: This article is intended as specification guidance, not as a substitute for the current standards, the manufacturer’s full technical documentation or approval by the relevant project authority. Network Rail requirements, applicable standards editions and project-specific acceptance criteria should be verified before procurement.